Animals
動物
Animals are living things that can move, eat food, and react to the world around them. In this lesson you will learn what makes an animal, the difference between vertebrates and invertebrates, and the main groups of animals.
動物是會移動、進食並對周遭世界作出反應的生物。在這一課，你會學習動物的特點、脊椎動物與無脊椎動物的分別，以及動物的主要類別。
1 · What is an animal?
甚麼是動物？
Animals cannot make their own food, so they must eat plants or other animals. Unlike plants, most animals can move from place to place. Animals live in almost every place on Earth, from the deep sea to the highest mountains.
動物不能自行製造食物，所以牠們要吃植物或其他動物。與植物不同，大部分動物能四處移動。動物幾乎在地球上每個角落都能生活，由深海到最高的山。
2 · Vertebrates and invertebrates
脊椎動物與無脊椎動物
Animals are split into two big groups:
動物分為兩大類：
- Vertebrates — animals with a backbone.脊椎動物——有脊椎骨的動物。
- Invertebrates — animals without a backbone.無脊椎動物——沒有脊椎骨的動物。
3 · Five groups of vertebrates
脊椎動物的五個類別
We group vertebrates into five classes:
我們把脊椎動物分為五類：
- Mammals — have fur or hair and feed milk to their babies.哺乳類——有毛或毛髮，並用乳汁餵哺幼兒。
- Birds — have feathers and lay eggs.鳥類——有羽毛並生蛋。
- Fish — live in water and breathe with gills.魚類——在水中生活，用鰓呼吸。
- Reptiles — have dry, scaly skin.爬行類——有乾燥、有鱗片的皮膚。
- Amphibians — live both on land and in water.兩棲類——同時在陸地和水裏生活。
Mammals, birds, fish, reptiles and amphibians are the five groups of vertebrates.
哺乳類、鳥類、魚類、爬行類和兩棲類是脊椎動物的五個類別。
4 · Insects and what animals need
昆蟲與動物的生存所需
Insects are the biggest group of invertebrates. An insect has six legs and a body in three parts. Spiders are not insects — they have eight legs.
昆蟲是無脊椎動物中最大的類別。昆蟲有六條腿，身體分三部分。蜘蛛不是昆蟲——牠們有八條腿。
Animals need food, water, air and shelter to survive.
動物需要食物、水、空氣和棲息處才能生存。
5 · Quick check
小測驗